Volume 3 (2017) has the following topics: Emperor Nicholas II. Initiator of Global Disarmament by Pyotr Multatuli Translated from Russian by Irene W. Galaktionova - In May 1899 on the initiative of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II, the First Conference for Peace and Disarmament opened in The Hague. At the time, the Emperor's revolutionary step didn't receive the appreciation it deserved and remained under wraps for the most part of the 20th century. The new Russian Bolshevik regime - which took all the credit for Russia's peace initiatives - couldn't allow the public to view the murdered Tsar as the driving force of world disarmament. The first English translation of this article appears in this issue of Sovereign. Gunshot on the Moika and the End of the Russian Empire by Archpriest Vladislav Tsypin Translated from Russian by William Lee - In February 2017, Russia will mark the 100th anniversary of the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II, an act which subsequently led to the demise of the Russian Empire. Archpriest Vladislav Tsypin challenges the popular held Western theory from a Russian perspective. His article is supplemented with a selection of watercolours, which evoke the atrocities committed by the Bolsheviks during the 1917 Revolution by Ivan Vladimirov (1869-1947). The first English translation of this article appears in this issue of Sovereign. The Tragedy of Bloody Sunday by Andrei Mantsov Translated from Russian by Irene W. Galaktionova - The event known as "Bloody Sunday" has been linked to Tsar Nicholas II from the day it happened, to the present time. Even in Russia, where he and his entire family are venerated as martyrs, one still finds people who cannot forgive Tsar Nicholas II for the infamous "Bloody Sunday". Not all know that on that day, the Tsar was in Tsarskoe Selo, and not in St. Petersburg, that he did not give the orders to fire at the workers, and it was physically impossible for him to have received the delegation "of the people." Furthermore, the Tsar was criminally misinformed about what was happening in the capital city. The first English translation of this interview appears in this issue of Sovereign. Was the Tsar Right to Abdicate in 1917? by Vladimir Moss Translated from Russian by Irene W. Galaktionova - Why did the Tsar agree to abdicate from the throne in that lonely railway carriage near Pskov in February, 1917? And was he right to do so? These questions are relevant not only to our understanding of the Tsar himself, but also of Russia and her destiny. For, as we know, the abdication of the Tsar led to the destruction of Russia, a catastrophe of the most terrible consequences both for Russia and the world, which are still being felt to this day. So could it all have been avoided if the Tsar had simply refused the pleas of his generals and the other plotters against him, and continued to rule? Nicholas II. Russia's Last Orthodox Christian Monarch by Paul Gilbert -Emperor Nicholas II was destined to reign as Russia's last Orthodox Christian monarch until his abdication on 15 [O.S. 2] March 1917. Nicholas II, was a pious man whose Christian priorities were as misunderstood by Western observers as they were despised by Lenin. 'Your Loving Nephew' Nicholas II and Edward VII by Coryne Hall This article is the second of a four part series on the relationships between Emperor Nicholas II and the British monarchs by royal historian and author Coryne Hall. Tsar and Shah. Were Nicholas II and Mohammed Reza Pahlavi Really Absolute Monarchs? by Professor Hereward Senior - Were Nicholas II and Mohammed Reza Pahlavi really absolute monarchs? Or did their downfall result from short-sightedness by intellectuals in Russia and Iran? My Impressions of Nicholas II by Alexander Kerensky - The socialist Head of the Provisional Government Alexander Kerensky, the most open opponent of the throne and the dynasty met Emperor Nicholas II during the latter's house arrest at Tsarskoye Selo in August 1917. His impressions of his meetings with Nicholas were recorded in his memoirs, published after his escape from Russia. Kerensky’s efforts to establish "criminal actions" on the part of the emperor, to reveal activities which involved him, which were damaging to the country, and to expose treasonous relations with the enemies of the state was a failure. Even after emigrating, he could not find the courage to acknowledge that the entire undertaking with the purpose of establishing that Nicholas II was guilty of high treason was an absolute failure. Grounds for the Canonization of Emperor Nicholas II and His Family by Metropolitan of Krutitsa and Kolomna Juvenaly - The Bishops' Council of March 31st - April 4th of 1992 designated the Synodal Commission of canonization of Saints to "begin the research of the materials connected with the martyred end to the life of the Tsar family". The Commission saw its main task in the objective examination of all the circumstances of the life of the Royal Family in the context of historical events and in their consideration from an ecclesiastical viewpoint without being influenced by ideological stereotypes, which have been dominating in our country for the past decades. PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTIONS IN THIS ISSUE: 1903 Costume Ball in the Winter Palace Official Portraits of Emperor Nicholas II Emperor Nicholas II Photo Album Historical Images of Russia's Last Emperor 136 pagina's